Left to right: 川自左至右:川
The three strokes of 川 stand side by side, so they are written from the left: the left-falling stroke, the short vertical in the middle, and the long vertical on the right.
「川」三筆左右並排,從左邊寫起:左邊的撇、中間的短豎、右邊的長豎。
Chinese Calligraphy · Unit 1 · Lesson 4 · 書法 單元一 第四課
Left to right, top to bottom, horizontal before vertical: Taiwan's Ministry of Education sums up stroke order in 17 basic rules. Watch a 3D brush follow six of them, play Guess the Next Stroke, and practice the six example characters.
先左後右、先上後下、先橫後豎:教育部把筆順歸納成 17 條基本法則。看 3D 毛筆示範其中 6 條,玩「猜下一筆」,再練寫六個例字。
Stroke order is a shared agreement about which stroke comes first. Taiwan's Ministry of Education sums it up in 17 basic rules, such as left to right, top to bottom, and horizontal before vertical. When everyone follows the same order, writing is easier to teach and to learn, and it follows the flow of the brush from one stroke into the next.
筆順是大家約好的「先寫哪一筆」。教育部把它歸納成 17 條基本法則,例如先左後右、先上後下、先橫後豎。大家照同一套筆順寫,教和學都容易,也順著毛筆從這一筆走到下一筆的筆勢。
3D Model · 3D 模型
Drag to turn, and scroll or pinch to zoom. Choose a rule, and the brush writes an example character from the Ministry of Education's list. Blue numbers show the order, and a dashed line shows how the brush moves through the air to the next stroke. Try Backward to see the same character written in reverse order, then switch the grid between the 米 grid and the nine-square grid.
拖曳可以旋轉,滾輪或雙指可以縮放。選一條法則,毛筆就寫出教育部列的例字:藍色數字是筆順,虛線是毛筆在空中移到下一筆的路。試試「倒過來寫」,看同一個字反過來寫是什麼樣子;格線也能在米字格和九宮格之間切換。
Backward: not the standard order倒過來寫:不是標準筆順
Drag to turn · 拖曳旋轉 Scroll or pinch to zoom · 滾輪/雙指縮放
This 3D model needs WebGL, which this browser does not support. The reading, the rule cards, the game, and the practice pad below still work.
這個瀏覽器不支援 WebGL,無法顯示 3D 模型;下方的課文、法則卡片、小遊戲和練字板一樣能用。
A teaching model. The grid is 26 centimeters wide. The example characters are hand-drawn as centerlines with a pressure and a speed for every point, using the stroke order of the Ministry of Education. The dashed lines only show where the brush travels in the air; they are not a measure of which order is better.
這是教學用的示意模型,格子 26 公分寬。例字是自己手繪的中心線,每一點都有壓力和速度,筆順依教育部。虛線只是畫出毛筆在空中怎麼移動,不拿來比哪一種順序比較好。
Model, stroke data, and the writing engine are drawn and programmed by My Culture Connect. The rules and example characters come from the Ministry of Education's Basic Rules of Stroke Order. · 模型、筆畫資料與寫字引擎由人師教育協會自繪、自寫;法則與例字依教育部《國字標準字體筆順學習網》〈筆順基本原則〉。
Reading · 英文閱讀
Stroke order is simply the order in which the strokes of a character are written. In Taiwan, the Ministry of Education sets a standard order for thousands of characters. Its handbook of standard characters sums up the order in 17 basic rules, and its stroke-order website, first opened in 2008, now shows animations for 6,063 characters that anyone can look up.
Six of the rules are easy to see. Write from left to right, as in 川 (river), and from top to bottom, as in 三 (three). Write a horizontal stroke before a vertical stroke that crosses it, as in 十 (ten), and a left-falling stroke before a right-falling stroke that meets it, as in 人 (person). When a vertical stroke stands alone in the middle, like the one in 小 (small), write it first. For a box like 日 (sun), write the outside, then the inside, and close the bottom last.
If the finished character looks the same, why does the order matter? First, it is shared. Teachers, textbooks, and the ministry's website all teach the same order, so everyone can learn from everyone else. Second, the order follows the flow of the brush. The ministry explains that the second stroke of 日 ends with a small hook because the brush is already turning toward the next stroke inside the box.
Order also helps with structure. In 日, writing the middle stroke before the bottom line lets you see the space you are dividing, and the bottom line closes the box neatly at the end. In 三, writing from the top down lets you compare each line with the one above it, so you can make the middle one short and the bottom one long.
Practice paper helps, too. A nine-square grid divides each square into nine smaller squares, like the character 井, so you can check where each stroke begins and ends. The 田 grid and the 米 grid do the same job. Long ago, children started school by tracing red characters in a copybook that began 上大人, 孔乙己, chosen because the characters have very few strokes.
In this lesson, choose a rule and watch the 3D brush write its example character, with numbers showing the order. Try writing it backward, too, and notice that the result can look similar even though the order is not the standard one. Then play Guess the Next Stroke, and practice the six example characters on the practice pad.
Questions · 閱讀理解
What is stroke order, and who sets the standard order in Taiwan?
Name two of the rules in this lesson, with an example character for each.
Why is the bottom line of 日 written last?
Words & Phrases · 生字及片語
Quick Check · 小測驗
1. How many basic stroke-order rules are in the Ministry of Education's handbook?
2. In 川, which stroke is written first?
3. In 十, which stroke is written first?
4. In 小, which stroke is written first?
5. What is a nine-square grid?
Try It in the Model · 在模型裡試試
Each card's example comes from the Ministry of Education's list. Tap Watch it in 3D, then try Backward in the model.
每張卡片的例字都取自教育部的列表。點「在模型中看」,再在模型裡試試「倒過來寫」。
The three strokes of 川 stand side by side, so they are written from the left: the left-falling stroke, the short vertical in the middle, and the long vertical on the right.
「川」三筆左右並排,從左邊寫起:左邊的撇、中間的短豎、右邊的長豎。
The three horizontal strokes of 三 are stacked, so they go from the top down. Look at the lengths, too: the middle one is the shortest, and the bottom one is the longest.
「三」三橫上下疊在一起,從上往下寫。也看看長短:中間最短、最下面最長。
In 十 the horizontal and vertical strokes cross, so the horizontal comes first.
「十」橫豎相交,所以先寫橫,再寫豎。
In 人 the right-falling stroke starts on the left-falling one, so the left-falling stroke comes first.
「人」的捺從撇的中間出發,兩筆相接,所以先撇後捺。
In 小 the vertical hook stands in the middle and does not cross the two dots, so it comes first; then the left dot, then the right dot.
「小」中間的豎鉤不和兩點相交,所以先寫;再寫左點、右點。
日 is a box. First the left side, then the top and the right side in one turning stroke, then the stroke inside, and the bottom line last to close the box. Closing it last leaves room to place the inside stroke well.
「日」是四面圍起來的結構:先寫左邊的豎,再一筆寫上面和右邊(橫折鉤),接著寫裡面的橫,最後才用底下的橫封口。最後才封口,裡面那一橫才放得好。
Game · 小遊戲
All the strokes are shown in gray. Tap them one by one in the standard order. A right answer turns black and gets a number; a wrong one flashes red, with a hint about the rule.
字的每一筆都先畫成灰色,照標準筆順一筆一筆點。點對了那一筆變黑、標上數字;點錯了會閃紅色,並提示這個字用的法則。
Right on the first try / tries一次就點對/點的次數0 / 0
Six characters, one for each rule in the model above.六個字,對應上面模型的六條法則。
Practice Pad · 練字板
Choose a character and trace it in the order of the blue numbers. After each stroke, the chart compares your press-and-lift curve with the brush's for that stroke.
選一個字,照藍色數字的順序描寫。每寫完一筆,圖上就把你的提按曲線和毛筆那一筆比較。
Mouse or finger: slow = thick, fast = thin滑鼠或手指:寫得慢=粗、寫得快=細Stylus: press harder for a thicker line觸控筆:越用力線越粗
Your press-and-lift curve · 你的提按曲線
Demo · 示範 You · 你
Stories of Stroke Order · 筆順的故事
Four short stories about how people learn to write in order.
關於「照順序寫字」的四個小故事。
The Standard · 標準
Taiwan's Ministry of Education sums up stroke order in 17 basic rules in its handbook of standard characters. Its stroke-order website opened for trial use in 2008 with the 4,808 common characters. In 2020 it grew to 6,057 characters and dropped the word “common” from its name, and in 2024 it reached 6,063 characters.
教育部在《常用國字標準字體筆順手冊》裡,把筆順歸納成 17 條基本法則。教育部的筆順學習網 2008 年試用,收錄 4,808 個常用字;2020 年擴充到 6,057 字,網站名稱也拿掉了「常用」兩個字;2024 年再擴充到 6,063 字。
A Tiny Hook · 小鉤
The ministry's website answers this question. In 口 the second stroke turns without a hook and leans inward, ready to meet the closing stroke, because there is nothing inside. In 日 the second stroke ends with a small hook, because the brush is already turning toward the next stroke inside the box. The hook shows the flow of the brush.
教育部的網站回答過這個問題:「口」裡面沒有其他筆畫,第二筆是「橫折」不帶鉤,折筆往內斜,準備接最後一筆封口;「日」框裡還有筆畫,第二筆是「橫折鉤」,鉤起來是因為毛筆已經準備寫框裡的下一筆,是筆勢使然。
Practice Grids · 格子
The ministry's dictionary describes the nine-square grid as practice paper for copying models: each large square is divided like the character 井 into nine smaller squares, so learners can match the model and place every dot and line. The 田 grid and the 米 grid do the same job.
教育部辭典說,九宮格是臨帖用的界格紙:每一大格用「井」字形分成九小格,方便臨摹時對照範本字形、掌握點畫的部位。另有田字格、米字格,功用相當。
An Old Copybook · 習字簿
Long ago, children starting school traced red characters in a copybook that began 上大人,孔乙己,化三千,七十士. These characters were chosen because they have very few strokes. Tracing red models like this is called 描紅, the same idea as the faint red characters on this lesson's practice pad.
從前學童入學時,用描紅的習字簿練字,上面寫著「上大人,孔乙己,化三千,七十士」,因為這些字筆畫簡少,方便學習。照著紅色範字一筆一筆描,就叫「描紅」,和這一課練字板上淡紅色的範字是同一個道理。
Myth vs. Fact · 常見迷思
✗ Myth · 迷思If the finished character looks right, stroke order does not matter.字寫出來看起來對,筆順就不重要。
✓ Fact · 事實The result can look similar, but stroke order is a shared standard that teachers, textbooks, and the ministry's website all use. It also follows the flow of the brush, and later, when you write faster, strokes begin to join in the order you write them.寫出來可能看起來差不多,但筆順是老師、課本和教育部網站共同使用的標準;它也順著毛筆的筆勢;以後寫得快的時候,筆畫會照書寫的順序連起來。
✗ Myth · 迷思Stroke order is just one rule: top to bottom, left to right.筆順只有一條規則:由上而下、由左而右。
✓ Fact · 事實The ministry lists 17 basic rules. Some go against “top to bottom” at first glance: in 小 the middle vertical comes first, and in 日 the bottom line comes last.教育部列了 17 條基本法則。有的乍看不是「由上而下」:「小」要先寫中間的豎,「日」的底下那一橫最後寫。
✗ Myth · 迷思The box of 日 is drawn as one stroke.「日」外面的框是一筆畫完的。
✓ Fact · 事實The box takes three strokes: the left vertical, the top and right side in one turning stroke, and the bottom line, which is written last to close the box.外框要三筆:左邊的豎、一筆寫上面和右邊的橫折鉤,還有最後才寫、用來封口的底下那一橫。
✗ Myth · 迷思Stroke order only matters for brush calligraphy.只有寫毛筆字才需要筆順。
✓ Fact · 事實The standard order belongs to the character, not to the tool, so it is the same for pencils and pens. In Taiwan's curriculum for grades 3 and 4, children write mainly with pencils and pens, with the brush as a supplement.標準筆順跟著字走,不跟著筆走,鉛筆、原子筆也一樣。台灣國語文課綱第二學習階段(三、四年級)的寫字,以硬筆為主、毛筆為輔。
Remember It · 記憶口訣
Most characters start at the upper left.
大部分的字從左上開始寫。
When they cross, the horizontal goes first: 十.
橫豎相交先寫橫:十。
When they meet, the left-falling stroke goes first: 人.
撇捺相接先寫撇:人。
Outside, then inside, then the bottom line: 日.
先外圍、再裡面、最後封口:日。
In the Classroom · 教室提醒
Classroom Activity 1 · 課堂活動一
You need · 準備材料
Steps · 步驟
Big arm movements make the order easy for the teacher to see, and students remember movements better than lists.
手臂動作大,老師一眼就看得出順序;而且動作比條列的規則更容易記住。
Classroom Activity 2 · 課堂活動二
You need · 準備材料
Steps · 步驟
Start with the six characters from this lesson, then try 田 and 山 from the ministry's examples.
先從這一課的六個例字開始,再試試教育部例字裡的「田」和「山」。
Before and Next · 上一課與下一課
Sources · 資料出處
Dates, names, places, and facts on this page were checked against these sources (October 2026). · 本頁的年代、人名、地名與事實依下列資料查證(2026 年 10 月)。